當形容詞放在所修飾的名詞後面的時候,稱為後位修飾語。理解方向正好和中文顛倒,沒有後位修飾概念的人容易理解不正確、不完全,同時少了一個延長口說和寫作句子的好用工具。後位修飾語至少有六種,除了關係子句以外,前文均已逐項探究過,本文要整合先前所學,著重在口說和寫作延長句子的示範與練習。
我有些許的不放心,也許有人沒有從本系列文的第一篇仔細研讀到這兒,還是先複習一下除了關係子句以外的五種後位修飾語吧!
The ability to think critically is one skill separating innovators from followers.(批判性思考的能力是和區別創新者與追隨者的一種能力)。不定詞片語to think critically後位修飾名詞ability、現在分詞片語separating innovators from followers後位修飾名詞skill。The new project managers promised to reduce the risks involved in working with contractors.(新任專案經理承諾要降低涉及與承包商合作的風險)這句話包含一個過去分詞片語後位修飾名詞risks,也可以解釋成普通形容詞片語involved in working with contractors。不必爭論,本文原則是懂原理、能活用即可,不必陷入文法理論和學術派別之爭。Scientists are trying to minimize the irreversible damage caused by growing carbon dioxide emissions.(科學家們正試著把越來越多碳排放造成的不可逆的破壞降到最低)過去分詞片語caused by growing carbon dioxide emissions後位修飾名詞damage。The course is planned for people concerned with environmental issues.(此課程是為關注環境議題的人而設計的)過去分詞片語或普通形容詞片語concerned with environmental issues後位修飾名詞people。Currently, I am responsible for introducing a training scheme for middle-aged people having confidence in going into the tourist industry.(目前我負責推行培訓計畫給有信心進入觀光業的中年人)現在分詞片語having confidence in going into the tourist industry後位修飾people、for middle-aged people到句子的最後是介詞片語當形容詞用,後位修飾session。這句話可以用一個小括弧和一個中括弧做處理:Currently, I am responsible for introducing a training scheme [for middle-aged people (having confidence in going into the tourist industry)].亦即在名詞之後加入五種後位修飾語的至少一種(會使用關係子句的話更好,一共六種可供運用):
以上的參考解答在這個網頁。